Tuesday, September 15, 2020

Can You Help Write My Research Paper For Me

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Friday, September 11, 2020

Paper

Paper Rest assured that they'll ship excessive-high quality work. Our essay service has a really strict confidentiality coverage, meaning that every one private information and payment details are saved safe. We use safe encryption for all transations and assure to by no means share private details with third events. A analysis paper is closely focused on documentation, but it ought to include a considerate evaluation of accessible evidence . The depth of analysis typically is dependent upon how lengthy the paper needs to be. Most papers will have a thesis assertion or main thought and supporting facts/concepts/arguments. State your main idea as your thesis statement, and then present supporting information and arguments. A thesis assertion is a declarative sentence that asserts the place a paper shall be taking. This assertion should be both specific and arguable. Each of the main ideas you included in your outline or diagram will turn into of the physique paragraphs. If you wrote down 4 major concepts in your define or diagram, then you'll have 4 body paragraphs. Once you're carried out developing a thesis assertion that helps the type of essay your writing and the aim of the essay, you're able to get began in your introduction. Now, down the left facet of the page, under the subject, write Roman numerals I, II, and III, sequentially. Get started by drawing a circle in the course of a paper just big enough to write down in. For example, in case your subject is the novels of Jane Austen , and your paper size is just 1000 phrases, you can slim the subject to an evaluation of garments in Pride and Prejudice. A important essay incorporates research and personal opinion; analysis offers evidence to helps opinions. Argumentative - These sort of essays, also called persuasive essays, make a selected declare about a topic after which present proof and arguments to help the claim. The declare set forth in argumentative essays may be an opinion, an analysis, an interpretation, trigger-effect statement or a policy proposal. Some favor to let their research information them into growing a thesis statement and write it after they have accomplished the vast majority of their research. While this technique is ok to make use of, it is essential that you just keep centered on your subject, or you'll end up with a weak thesis. Some may discover it simpler to narrow their essay matter after some preliminary research has been completed. Choose whichever method that works finest for you. Consult your instructor in case you are floundering with the subject earlier than doing analysis and writing. Research is a prolonged course of; subsequently, schedule more time than you suppose you will want. Students who go away little time for analysis find that they cannot full enough analysis, or that the materials they want for the project usually are not available. Having the flexibility to put in writing effective essays will turn out to be increasingly essential as you progress by way of highschool and into faculty. If you may internalize the format presented above, you may develop the flexibility to write down clear and compelling essays. The physique of your essay is the place you explain, describe or argue the subject you've chosen. The objective of argumentative essays is to persuade or persuade the reader that a declare is valid. Analytical - An analytical essay paper breaks down an thought or problem into its its key elements. It evaluates the problem or concept by presenting evaluation of the breakdown and/or elements to the the reader. If you are expected to choose your own topic, then step one is to define the aim of your essay. Or to education about an individual, place, factor or idea? The matter you choose needs to assist the purpose of your essay. As you progress through faculty, you'll be required to put in writing essays. And the farther along in class you get, the extra complex and demanding the essays will turn into. It's necessary that you just be taught early on the way to write efficient essays that talk clearly and achieve particular goals. Our system takes your order info and searches for a particular author that makes a speciality of your subject space. The first, and best, factor to do is write, write and write. At this stage, do not worry about enhancing, grammar or your sentences making sense. You are sitting in front of a pile of notes wondering how to turn it into the best essay ever written. This section will provide tips on writing the first draft.

Thursday, September 10, 2020

Writing Resources

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Monday, September 7, 2020

Can I Pay Someone To Write My Research Paper

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Friday, September 4, 2020

a Thousand Word Essay Writing

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Thursday, September 3, 2020

How To Write An A Paper

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How To Write An A Paper

How To Write An “A” Paper Finally, you could print your paper and proofread it to eliminate minor mistakes or typos and be sure that your wonderful analysis paper is flawless. So, if you wish to make an excellent impression on your professor and earn a high grade, you should revise your draft to be sure that your project is on level. But you shouldn’t think that you must strictly follow it. It might evolve and you're free to revise it and make modifications. The key factor is to remain on your monitor and focus on your thesis. You should present your points and assist your main thought. You have a transparent direction and it’s time to create the first draft with a title, in-textual content citations, and a reference page. Our consultants will allow you to choose a broad sufficient matter to make the research research less stressful. In case you already have one, they'll take it from right here and guide you thru all the following phases. Think about key points that you’ll need to develop to support your thesis statement. You can use them as subheadings for the body of your paper. You should finalize your thesis and create a working outline that you plan to cover and that can serve you as a roadmap and hold you focused. Our web site uses cookies to give you prime-notch providers. Please agree with theCookie Policy earlier than continuing. Doing a great analysis research is a nice means of getting the absolute best results. You can flip for our assist at any stage of the method. Whether you are engaged on a college project, applying to a university, making an attempt to get a job, or ending a work report, Pro-Papers has received you lined. We supply various kinds of services to make sure you at all times bring your A game. Once your paper is ready, we will e mail it to you and addContent it to the order page in your private Pro-Papers account. We have employed a staff of pros who present skilled tutorial assist. Most of them are native audio system and PhD holders who're in a position to deal with any assignment you need assistance with. Be prepared that you may have to revise your project more than once because it's actually value doing. Your define will assist you to to complete this a part of your paper. Our professionals can give recommendation on the subject or content material of the work and likewise seek the advice of you on tips on how to submit the project successfully. Texts are formatted in accordance with the rules of the academic styles similar to APA, MLA, Chicago/Turabian, Harvard, and so forth. . Your professor or course mates will never discover out that you've got asked for assist together with your analysis paper. Can you imagine how many hours you must spend on a literature evaluation for your examine? Ordering from an onlineservice, you'll be able to lastly have some time for other topics or necessary chores. Now you have to organize them in your impressive presentation. Don’t skip this important step because with out it, your project will lack focus and you will want extra time for revising your draft trying to make sense of your jumbled thoughts. Look through your notes and manage the knowledge under every sub-heading. Make sure you embody solely related information that matches under your sub-headings and instantly helps your thesis. Your research has given you tons of nice ideas. You should ask your folks or members of the family to evaluate your analysis paper and categorical their opinion about it. They should evaluate your argument, transitions, and the steadiness and search for any inconsistencies with usage, grammar or mechanics. Ask your mates to offer their feedback and make advised changes when you assume they make sense.

Wednesday, September 2, 2020

Pay Someone To Write My Paper

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What To Write My Research Paper On

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Friday, August 28, 2020

How To Write An Effective Journal Article And Get It Published

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Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Cheap Research Paper Writing Online

Cheap Research Paper Writing Online By using these three options to more accurately outline your writing, the phrases per page calculator ought to present a greater estimate on what number of words you have to write to fill a web page. In the opposite direction, it may give a more accurate estimate of what number of pages you have created should you only know the word depend. As you can see, it is attainable to write an essay in two hours or left. If you ever have to do so, feel free to comply with these wise tricks to assist you within the process. Ask for help if you need it from a good friend or family member. Yes, it's perfectly okay to have your mother and father edit your essays. However, the key is to edit, not to write them for you. It is tough for folks to stay unbiased and often it can trigger lots of added tension between the coed and father or mother. It is, nonetheless, a good suggestion for the parents to assist the coed brainstorm ideas for the essay prior to writing it. If they read by way of and make mild edits, grammatical and typos, yes. If the parent re-writes or writes the essay the answer is no. They may be able to look up analysis as you work the outline or they will act as an extra pair of eyes for editing. Always see if someone might help you within the strategy of writing a fast paper. Be cautious as you write and attempt to spell accurately. You can supply scholar essay writing immediately via your freelance writing business, as well. By offering info or agreeing to be contacted by a Sponsored School, you are on no account obligated to apply to or enroll with the college. I suppose it is all the time finest for a scholar to have an impartial particular person do the proofing. You could not have the time to go back and edit and correct, so try to get it right the very first time. When asking a question, college students assign how a lot they are prepared to pay. You may even receives a commission every time one other pupil will get access to your solutions. You can select the fashion of referencing which you like; please click on the Referencing tab to read extra about this. Our assignments are fully free of plagiarism. We provide complete and complete confidentiality to the extent that even your author doesn't know your id. We do guarantee the highest standards of the papers we produce. We also guarantee fully plagiarism-free papers as we examine all of them with the latest version of plagiarism-detection software earlier than delivering to the customer. In case you find any plagiarism although we assure the total cash refund. If you have a plagiarism paranoia, use it doubtless. Doing your personal on-line check and sources verification (depart a comment if you wish to see an article about this topic!) also contribute to getting a “clear” paper. It basically repeats the paper writing industry standard â€" a three-step type the place you present all details, upload information, pick a deadline and sort of labor . What pursuits us most is the extras, their prices and the value they add as much as your paper. They can help with typos, grammatical errors, and help you to be clear, concise and compelling. They know you best, generally greater than you realize your self so they could have good ideas. However, you do need the essays to sound like you; it ought to be your voice. There are occasions when it helps to know how many words per web page you are writing. While a general guideline is one page is 500 phrases or 250 phrases , this can be a ballpark figure. The truth is the variety of phrases per web page is determined by a wide range of elements corresponding to the type of font, the font measurement, spacing elements, margin spacing, and paragraph length to call a couple of. Another concern is the analysis or studying inherent in school-degree work.

Sunday, August 2, 2020

Book Cover Design Advice and Inspiration

Book Cover Design Advice and Inspiration The level of digital media rapidly increases every day, but take a trip to your local bookstore and youll probably notice that print design is still alive and well. Although I love working in both digital and print media, theres something special about being able to hold a beautifully designed printed object in your hands, and some of the best and most unique designs in the field today are found on the covers of books.Designing a great book cover can be a challengeâ€"in order for your design to be effective, it has to creatively represent the material inside while being distinct enough to grab the attention of a viewer and make a significant impact. Because of the complexities of the various different kinds of books, designing book covers can be a valuable exercise to practice your design thinking skills. Here are a few tips to get you on your way to designing stunning covers.Start with a conceptThe best way to get started on a book design is to develop a solid concept that reflects the overall key message or tone of the book. Thoroughly understanding the content and the goal of the content are critical steps in making a successful cover. In order to do this, its a good idea for you to actually read the content if its available to you or if time allows. Even if you have a fast-approaching deadline or the content is complicated, there are still ways you can gain a true understanding of the content without reading it word-for-word. Read summaries or synopses, character sheets, reviewsâ€"basically, any material you can get your hands on in order to really comprehend the book.Next, its time to translate themes and messages of the content into visuals. There are a few different techniques to do this, but my favorite is to develop a mood boardâ€"itll help you organize any visual inspiration you get from the content. Go through your content and make a list of adjectives that describe the tone or overall feeling. Some example adjectives might be dark, mysterious, playf ul, hopeful, serious, noir, classic, scholarly, and funny. Find any recurring objects, settings, motifs, or important scenes and add them to your board. You might find that these words and images start to evoke certain color palettes or typefaces that you can start to explore. The goal of your mood board is to create a visual picture of the content and its meaning which you can draw inspiration from. Generally, covers that are more symbolic tend to be more visually interesting than literal cover designs, so think about how you can represent themes with a subtle visual metaphor that might intrigue a reader. Understanding the tone of your book will help you to create visuals for your cover that are appropriate for the content and that hint at the overall theme. Think of the cover as a sneak peek for the readerâ€"the first chance to draw them into whatever is inside.Stick to your genreKeeping the genre of your book in mind is importantâ€"the cover of a mystery novel looks very differen t from a textbook or childrens book, and it might contain different information with a different hierarchy. Depending on the genre, youll have a different audience to cater to and should design with this audience in mind. For example, a young adult novel cover should appeal to teenagers, so you might use a more youthful design or employ trendier colors and typefaces. For a nonfiction book about politics, the cover you design might feel more formal and academic. Keeping the design applicable to the genre helps readers to quickly understand what kind of book it is and what kind of content theyll find inside.Take a look at other book covers in your genre to see what kinds of techniques they use. This can provide a bit of inspiration, but it can also help you to avoid repeating concepts that have already been done or using common visual clichés which show up frequently within the genre. For example, mystery novels often use doors, long shadows, dead trees, etc.â€"this doesnt mean that you cant use these elements, but your cover will stand out more if you find a way to fit within the genre while still being unique. Try putting a new spin on a cliché or use unexpected visuals or type treatments.Keep it simpleOne of the biggest mistakes I see with novice book cover designs is trying to do too many things at once. Keep typefaces, colors, and information to a minimumâ€"remember, you only have a few seconds to grab the attention of a reader. This doesnt mean that you have to create a minimal design, but making sure the elements of your cover arent overwhelming together is critical to a professional-looking design.Make sure your layout has a clear hierarchyâ€"this will help a reader navigate through the presented information and understand it easier and faster. Keep all copy as legible and easy-to-read as possibleâ€"this is especially important if youre given a lot of copy to put on the cover. Contrasting your type and imagery can help create a pleasant visual balance. For example, if you choose a busy, complicated image as a background, contrast that with a simple typeface so that the two dont compete. Relate the placement of your type with the image so that the design feels intentional and cohesive. The two should work together harmoniously so that the cover feels great and cohesive as a whole.Dont forget productionProduction is another important aspect of book cover design to keep in mind. Make sure you know the specifications of your book coverâ€"this includes things like spine width, bleed, margins and safe areas, and where the barcode will go. Having this information before you start designing will help save time and hassle in the long run.There are a variety of binding and finishing options that can elevate your design and get a passerby to pick it up. Depending on the project budget (and how much control you have in the production process), elements like spot gloss, foil stamping, coatings, and embossing can be options to consider. Howeve r, as a general rule, I would avoid using too many of these options at onceâ€"simplicity is key to keep your cover from looking too gimmicky or overwhelming. The production of your book cover should feel as intentional and thought-out as the design itself so that nothing feels like an afterthought or out of place.When deciding on finishing options, I like to stop by bookstores and take notes on what other books are doingâ€"what kind of paper they use, whether the covers are matte or gloss, what elements are embossed, etc. This can help inspire you on where finishing would be best-suited on your design. Be sure to discuss production with your client and/or printer to see what options are feasible for the timeline and budget of the project youre working on.Break the rulesOnce you have the basics of design and layout down, dont hesitate to try something completely unconventional or risky. Some of the most successful book covers take this unorthodox approach in ways that make sense for their content. Try altering the orientation of the text, losing the margins, or making the text really big or really small. Use jarring or impactful imagery, die cut holes in the cover, or spread the title over the whole front and back. Breaking the rules doesnt work in every situation, but it can allow you a little more artistic freedom to explore and push the memorability of your cover. Doing something bold with the cover is a great way to prompt a reader to pick up a book.Practice!In my opinion, book cover design is one of the best (and most fun!) ways to practice your overall design skills, especially if youre new to the field. Covers require critical thinking, concepting, sketching, typography, layout, and productionâ€"skills that can be applied to many other projects. And unlike other mock projects, its fairly easy to develop a fake brief for a book cover assignment. Try redesigning an existing book, or use a site like Plot Generator to develop fake titles and blurbs. Doing a handful of fake covers as a personal project can help you to improve your skills and provides great portfolio work when youre just starting out. And, because the projects are your own, youll have more freedom to try new things than you might with a real-life client.Below are three fake book covers I designed for three different genres. Each one uses a different stylistic approach and organizes the information differently.This cover for a made-up thriller uses bold, brushed typography and a subtle textural background of a city. The pop of yellow color conveys a sense of urgency and helps the title stand out over the mysterious background.Just because a book is educational or instructional, doesnt mean it cant be beautifully designed. I designed this cooking guide to be simple, using only blue and white, to create an approachable feel for new chefs. The clean, sparse typography contrasts nicely with the more detailed vintage illustrations which make the book feel classic and timeless. For a romance novel, I went with a minimal approach that uses warm colors and lots of white space. I pulled the simple circles off the edge of the cover to reference a sun setting, and the overlapping circles create a sense of connection and movement.Book cover design can be a difficult and complex process, but keeping these few guidelines in mind will help you to create more successful and meaningful covers.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Romanticism In Victorian Childhood - 1653 Words

Romanticism, Victorian England and the portrayal of Motherhood In the Victorian Era, British society experienced a division of the family dynamic into masculine and feminine roles; the husband attended to the public affairs, while the wife was expected to tend to the domestic matters of the home. The home took on symbolic importance in Victorian society, for it was a haven for the individual to express emotions and manners that couldn’t be expressed publicly. It was in the privacy of the home that women took on the responsibility of childcare (Nead, 33). Romanticism flourished during this period, encouraging parental involvement in the raising of their children into contributing members of society. The artworks of artists such as Charles†¦show more content†¦(Plotz, 8-9) To be a parent and raise a child to have good character was a guaranteed means of an individual to contribute positively to society. As husbands were responsible for public matters that took them away from the home, this placed the wife at the heart of the domestic sphere; as the one the child naturally seeks out for food, guidance and mimicry. A young girl was typically expected to take after her mother, and learn the essential skills necessary to be a good daughter, wife and eventual mother. From their mothers, young boys were considered to learn traits such as fairness, compassion, the importance of keeping faith, when to exercise strength or show mercy, and (using their mother as reference for feminine virtue) how to find a modest wife with which to build a respectable home. The growing interest in childcare and motherhood in British society was reflected in Victorian paintings of the time. Artist Charles West Cope, born July 1811 in Leeds, Park Square, to watercolor painter Charles Cope, painted multiple portraits of mothers and their children which were displayed at the Royal Academy exhibition between the late 1840s to 1870s. He grew up without knowing his mother, for she died after his birth, so found guidance in his father, aunts and teachers, both respected and unkind (Cope, 1-9). Perhaps it is in his desires for a maternal figure that Cope found inspiration for his portraits of motherhood, all of which depict the common theme ofShow MoreRelatedEnglish Language And Composition Of The Victorian Era1320 Words   |  6 PagesMichael Linares Ms. Sipars AP English Language and Composition 15 September 2015 Response #1 England’s Victorian Era was a very influential and interesting Era that took place during the time that Queen Victoria was the Queen of England. The Victorian Era started around 1830 and lasted up until the start of the 20th Century. During this Era England became very powerful. Many amazing masterpieces were created by great artists like Oscar Wilde and Charles Dickens. The three class system which weRead MoreSongs of Innocence and Songs of Experience by William Blake Essay example1126 Words   |  5 Pagesand adulthood are evident. Through its themes of romanticism, Carroll crafts a story that is anti-didactic by its very nature. Before defending such claims, it’s necessary to expand on what values were held by the Romantics. To quote David Sandner â€Å"In Romantic works, the adult moves from teacher to student, from stern moralizing to the undisciplined child to patient listening to the wise instruction of the simple and imaginative child.† Romanticism was a movement that championed both nature and theRead MoreCharles Dickens: A Brief Biography Essay1315 Words   |  6 Pagesthat Charles Dickens blended the Romanticism era, the Industrial age, and the Victorian era into unforgettable novels that still had the whimsical, imaginative part of life. Ruth conceded, â€Å" Dickens increasingly saw the need for finding and nurturing the imaginative core of life that can prevail even in the middle of the modern industrial city (Glancy 17).† Charles used his own experiences and imagination to evoke stories that had an immense impact in the Victorian era, and later years to come. FromRead MoreC loud 91343 Words   |  6 Pagesof this two act play. The issues of sexism are more dominant because Cloud 9 was an assignment from the Joint Stock Theatre Group as a piece on sexual politics (Cousin 38). Cloud 9 is an unconventional play of two acts; the first act is set in Victorian Africa, the height of colonial settlement, while act two is set near a century later in what would have been modern day England. This jump in time is a theatrical tool used by Churchill to keep the audience aware that it is a political statementRead MoreMary Shelley1066 Words   |  5 PagesMary Shelley was born on August 30, 1797, becoming a distinguished, though often neglected, literary figure during the Romanticism Era. Mary was the only child of Mary Wollstonecraft, a famous feminist, but after her birth, Wollstonecraft passed away (Harris). Similar to Mary’s book Frankenstein, both her and Victor’s mothers die when they are at a very young age. Mary’s father was William Godwin, an English philosopher who also wrote novels that would inspire Mary in the late years of her life (Holmes)Read MoreAlice s Journey Down The Rabbit Hole2147 Words   |  9 Pagesdown the rabbit hole. Alice s station as a seven year old Victorian child creates an interesting construct within the novel as she attempts to navigate this magical parallel plain, yet retain her Victorian sensibilities and learn from experience as she encounters new creatures and life lessons. Therefore, this essay will focus on the debate as to whether Alice is the imaginatively playful child envisaged by the Romantics, or a Victorian child whose imagination has been stunted by her education andRead MoreEssay on An Analysis of the Renaissance and Romanticism Art Periods1241 Words   |  5 Pageswould copy the themes and styles in classical literature. A2. Later Historical Art Period The eighteen hundreds saw the birth of Romanticism, a period of time where emotion was thought to be more important than reason. The preceding period, called the Enlightenment, had put heavy emphasis on thought and intellect and rationalization. In response, Romanticism strove to put that same emphasis on feelings and emotional response. Romantics turned to nature for true beauty and for means of escapeRead MoreBritish Literature Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesDaniel Defoe – was a politician, traveler and journalist. His most famous work is â€Å"Robinson Crusoe†. Robinson shipwrecked on a lonely island. He represents the qualities, which the middle class needed in capitalist competition to be successful 5. romanticism Sir Walter Scot – is a founder of historical novel. He draw the themes for his romantic novels from old folk ballads, especially from Scottish history. â€Å"Ivanhoe† is from the period of Richard the Lionhearted. The other novels are â€Å"Waverley, Kenilworht†Read MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1714 Words   |  7 Pages Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brà ¶nte voiced the radical opinions of Brà ¶nte on religion, gender, and social class. Jane Eyre, a young orphan who lived with her vituperative aunt and cousins, strayed away from the Victorian ideals of a woman and established a new status for herself. Jane Eyre was originally written in 1827 and was heavily influenced by the late gothic literature of the 19th century. Gothic literary aspects such as supernatural occurrences, mysteries and dark secrets, madness and dangerRead MoreThe Poetry of Denise Levertov712 Words   |  3 Pagesfather was a descendant of the founder of the sect Habad Hasidism. She found â €Å"asceticism† and â€Å"joy in the physical world, though understanding it in her own way and making her poems have a religious feeling to them. Her mother introduced her to many Victorian author’s, and Levertov wrote to many famous author’s during the time such as T.S Elliot for advice on her poetry (William Doreski 273). While working as a civilian nurse during WWII, she started writing her first book on poetry and in 1946 was able

Monday, May 11, 2020

Impact of the Boxer Rebellion on China and the Qing Dynasty

The Boxers throughout the length of the Rebellion aimed to influence and enforce their views upon the Chinese people and the ruling Qing dynasty. This group, comprised primarily of adolescents from Northern China, aimed to rid their country from economic manipulation, political invasion, the influence of foreign ideas and to eradicate Christianity from China. These aims were conveyed through a series of significant actions performed between 1899 and 1901 which included those such as: attacks on Chinese Christians both directly and indirectly, the politic massacre of foreigners and foreign diplomats, the assault on foreign legations and their 55-day long siege of Beijing. The compilation of these events led to a significant but†¦show more content†¦This particular action impacted on the Qing dynasty as it now had to formally acknowledge in which side it was support of, punishing the Boxers would mean the Qing was in the alliance with the foreign while not punishing them would mean the opposite as the Qing would have to respond to the outrage of the foreigners. A week later, Empress Ci Xi announced that she would fight the foreigners with the help of theShow MoreRelatedModernization Of A Progressive Transition From A Modern Society1334 Words   |  6 Pages20th century. As a nation like China, which developed later than others, see modernization as a guide to rapid development. China had been through various wars and movements from the late 19th century until the mid 20th century before the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. Before the modernization of China, two major rebellions, which happened in the late 1900s had implicated strongly on her modernization process. One of the major rebellions, which affected deeply on China’sRead MoreThe Boxer Rebellion : Myths And Symbolism1167 Words   |  5 Pagesdescribing the Boxer Rebellion as a myth. Myths, or mythologization, is essentially the manner in which later groups and people would use the Boxer Rebellion to suit their own ideals or social movements. Chen Duxia, future head of the Chinese Communist Party, provided a scathing critique of the Boxers, especially regarding the 5 causes of their rise in power. Given the continuing prevalence of these 5 causes, primarily religious beliefs, Chen warning of the possibility of a reemergence of the Boxers. If thisRead MoreBoxer Rebellion Causes1084 Words   |  5 PagesExplain causes of the Boxer Rebellion The Boxer Rebellion occurred as a result of both foreign and domestic internal tensions. These tensions were the causes of the Boxer Rebellion. China faced terrible natural disasters in 1899 and these was the main short term on the Boxer Rebellion. These included the flooding of the Yellow river then followed by the terrible drought. This lead to crops being destroyed and to farmers unable to pay their taxes which damaged the economy and millions of Chinese peopleRead MoreHow Far Do You Agree That the Qing Dynasty Fell Mainly Because of the Humiliation of China at the Hands of Foreigners?1510 Words   |  7 PagesHow far do you agree that the Qing Dynasty fell mainly because of the humiliation of China at the hands of foreigners? The Qing Dynasty fell apart in the 19th after flourishing throughout the 18th century. Like many complicated systems, it grew brittle and inflexible. It could not adjust as new problems arose. Bad harvests, warfare, rebellions, overpopulation, economic disasters, and foreign imperialism contributed to the dynasty’s collapse. The qing rulers were themselves foreign as they wereRead MoreCurrent Global Superpower Has Shaped The Modern Ideals And Communist Government2005 Words   |  9 Pagespresent day. When I found my first interest in the topic of China, it was in large part because we hear so much of how economic status teetering on the economic dependency we have developed over the last couple of decades. This paper will introduce philosophy, culture, and the evolutions and revolutions that took course threw the last 100 years of China’s timeline. Important events will be brought to light and discussed in detail about their impact then and how it has shaped the moder n ideals and communistRead MoreThe Boxer Rebellion Of China1278 Words   |  6 Pages2014 The Boxer Rebellion In the very late 1800’s and into the early 1900’s, terror struck northern China when a group of Chinese peasants known as â€Å"Boxer’s† began their historic rebellion against the spread of western and Japanese influence in China. They were attempting to drive all foreigners out and away from China, fearing that they would transform traditional ways of the Chinese culture. This event would prove to be a detriment to both the people of China, as well as the country of China as a wholeRead MoreThe impact of the Scientific and the Industrial Revolution1060 Words   |  4 Pagesnineteenth century to the first half of the twentieth century, the world was dramatically transformed by the impact of industrial and scientific revolutions. Those industrialized countries that controlled the power and wealth were looking for huge market to promote the primitive capital accumulation and develop industrialization. In the other side of the world, the East Asian countrie s, such as China, Korea and Japan were encountering modernization and westernization which was involved by these westernRead MoreBoxer Rebellion Essay1189 Words   |  5 PagesThe Boxer Rebellion was perhaps a fitting conclusion to one of the most violent centuries in China. A century of internal rebellions and the invasions of the west and Japan. In response to the growing intrusion of foreign influence, the Chinese Boxers sought to violently expel all foreigner elements from China and restore power to the Qing Dynasty. Despite the widespread violence across China, the rebellion was eventually crushed by the combined might of the Eight-Nation Alliance. Given the controversialRead MoreThe Brain Drain and Revolution in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century China1633 Words   |  7 Pagesinternational relations. China learned this painful lesson during a succession of lost wars, eventually entering a long period of introspection, quite notably, by first looking outward. Foreign educa tion systems were of particular interest to this nation in transition. Foreign universities, especially in Japan and the United States, attracted students of politics and economics, engineering and technology. Perhaps more important, though, many of these students later returned to China and became involvedRead MoreCauses Of The Opium Wars1048 Words   |  5 Pagesopium. The first of the Opium Wars (1839-42) was fought between China and Britain, and the second war (1856-1860) involved France as well. In both wars, the foreign powers triumphed over China, causing havoc, causing the fall of the Qing dynasty. Prior to the Opium Wars, China was full of rich culture, remarkable goods, and useful inventions. They had invented gunpowder, kites, and porcelain, all of which were in demand. The Qing dynasty had believed that they were superior to other countries, and

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Shoplifting and Its Effect on Society Free Essays

Shoplifting and its effect on society. Shoplifting seems like a victimless crime, but the damages caused are far from minor. I myself was recently caught shoplifting, and now I need to pay for the consequences of my crime. We will write a custom essay sample on Shoplifting and Its Effect on Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many reasons why people shoplift, it can be a obsessive compulsion disorder (OCD) all the way to a dare from a friend, either way Shoplifting does not only affect the individual, but it also affects the community, the retailer, and the consumer. Shoplifting affects not only me but my family as well. I feel embarrassed and worthless yet if I felt like that. â€Å"Why did I do it in the first place? † Because shoplifting is tempting, the shoplifter thinks they’re getting the product for free. But the truth is that someone has to pay for our mistake, thus price rises and the community has to pay. And some stores could even go bankrupt because of shoplifting. It is unfair to people who do not shoplift to pay for the mistakes that shoplifters make. People in the community who are not as wealthy as others have a harder time paying for their food and needs, and when they feel they can’t afford spending too much money at a certain retail store they will have to go to another destination to shop, causing a great inconvience to them and also the retail store will be losing money and might even close down in the future. We also suffer on a personal level, when an employee who realizes an item has been stolen from their store. They often feel violated, and when they feel violated it causes them to lose trust in others. So store employee follow potential merchants, watching their every move, making potential merchants uneasy and guilty when they are innocent. As there is no ‘look’ of a shoplifter, there is no way to identify whether a person is going to shoplift or not. And thus trust is lost between the merchant and the retailer. Resulting in an uncomfortable environment to shop in. Only about three percent of shoplifters are professionals. The rest of the shoplifters, shoplift as a response to experiencing stress in their personal lives. I myself am an immigrant from Singapore I just moved to Canada last year and a lot has happened since then. I survived being poor and unsatisfying for a year, so â€Å"why did I shoplift? † part of me believes that it is because I’m poor and I just wanted something, but part of me believes that it also because of what I’m going through a lot of stress and I feel depressed at times. Its like I need to fill up a hole in me. I thought shoplifting would make me feel better but the truth is you will lose all self-confidence in yourself. You become even more depressed and emotional you start to feel as if you don’t deserve a lot of things, or that others are better than you. Shoplifting has broken up many families and friends, the distrust and the disappointment they have when they look at you will consume you and soon you yourself will change. I was fortunate that my mother was very understanding and offered to help me out of my depression. She did admitted her disappointment in me but she told me I am still a good person. That made me realized that as a individual we belong to a community, and we make up what the community will become, each of us play a role to become someone bigger than themselves. When someone does well another will also want to do well. We could start by doing community work and volunteering at places that need our help. Helping others can without a doubt make you feel better about yourself, shoplifting will only make that empty feeling deeper as you start to feel guilty and worthless that others are better than you for not shoplifting. You’ll feel like the bad guy. Nowadays people not only shoplift, but steal and con others of their money this is because people who becomes thieves usually starts as shoplifters at a young age. Shoplifting when young can often lead to becoming thieves and robbers in the future. In fact ninety percent of convicts admitted that they have shoplifted before in their teenage years or younger. Statistics shows that there is an average of twenty-seven million shoplifters in the United States of America alone, which equates to one person in eleven, and only ten million have been caught within the past five years. Kids make up twenty-five percent of shoplifter; adults, seventy-five percent. People have been doing this for a long time because fifty-five percent of adults claim they began to shoplift as teenagers, and when asked, seventy-three percent of adults and seventy-two percent of juveniles do not plan to shoplift, it just an act of impulse. And also, an astonishing eighty-nine percent of kids say they know of other kids who shoplift and sixty-six percent say they associate with them. And only three percent of shoplifters are professionals, but they make up 10 percent of the item they sell. Some even after being caught in the act, fifty-seven percent of adults and thirty-three percent of juveniles say it is difficult to stop even after being caught. Habits are hard to break, shoplifting becomes an addiction and you try to stop but you just can’t. And when you reach that point statistics show that habitual shoplifters steal at least two times a week. So when I got caught on my first time I’m grateful for it, for without it I might have become addicted to shoplifting or worse wanted to make it my professional career. Shoplifting is illegal and is a punishable crime by law. It is not a small crime whether you stole fifty dollars worth of items or ten dollars worth of items. The crime is the same you have shoplifted from the store, and stolen something that doesn’t belong to you. For example, you can be arrested and paraded through a store in handcuffs, banned from stores or malls, and you may even end up with a criminal record. If you get a criminal record especially when you are young people will treat you like an ex-convict, it’ll be harder to get a job, get into college, or anything else that need a criminal background check. Which is mostly everything. Shoplifting can ruin your life but remember even without getting caught can shoplifting also ruin your life, as I have already stated that shoplifting affects you emotionally the same thing applies here you lose your self-respect and your respect for others. Small crime doesn’t mean no crime. Responsibilty for your family, friends and the people surrounding you, there are people that look up, like you’re their role model. I myself have siblings and I hope very much they don’t follow in my footsteps; I have never done anything that would cause people to lose their faith and respect in me. It is my responsibilty to set a good role model for my younger siblings. Also you as an individual have a responsibility as a civilent to be a good role model to the community. Never think that there is no one watching you, there is always someone watching and looking up to you in respect if you’ve done the right things. Respect is something you earn not given. By shoplifting you are openly disrespecting the community and although you may not notice now, but you are also disrespecting yourself. When you shoplift you are disrespecting the community by How to cite Shoplifting and Its Effect on Society, Essay examples

Thursday, April 30, 2020

Martys Martini Bar Grey Goose Inventory. Sale Challenge

Marty’s Martini Bar is currently undergoing a transition whose outcome will greatly affect its performance in a competitive economy. The existing consumer options will determine Marty’s ability to recover from the near crisis. With hard fiscal times, high labor costs and expensive commodities, the supplier needs to strike a balance between needs and wants.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marty’s Martini Bar: Grey Goose Inventory. Sale Challenge specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This will aid in prioritization and immensely save the store from the current situation. Marty has to change tactics that involve carrying out a SWOT analysis and reviewing the initial marketing plan he earlier had. Combining the findings with economic, social, and technological solutions will restore the stall’s image and in turn increase sales and enhance the image. In order to transform the way the bysiness is run, a data mining technique might be incorporated but this situation, however, is not that complex to require the massive attention. The purchasing power of individual clients’ conflict especially considering the difference in income levels, social factors, perception and technological input among multiple other factors. This paper seeks to analyze the current fiscal position of Marty’s Martini Bar and be able to solve the situation before things get out of hand. Marty’s Bar requires a long-term strategy in order to match with the manufacturers’ monetary position. In essence, their projected sales, profits, and labor costs will help in financial analysis and advisory. In fulfilling customer requirements, the paper seeks to address issues that most importantly affect Marty’s business and probable ways of solving them. Management is a human function that aims at helping people work with others and through others in order to achieve a common objecti ve. The running of a bar stipulates an organization whose main objective is profit making. Companies attain stardom through series of efforts that include customer relations management, issue management, procurement, and human resources control. When one of the following functions fail and the entire system is likely to collapse. In Marty’s Bar, not much attention is paid to the workers. Their complaints are not redressed as well. A good manager always ensures that the employees should be granted the most conducive environment in order to work effectively. Most important of all factors is the legislative issue.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Marty’s Bar should ensure that all due procedures are followed in the processing of the Grey Goose product just to avoid rubbing shoulders the wrong way with the law. Legal matters involve selling of genuine products and r eporting the counterfeit, paying taxes in quality time and understanding the constitutional requirements for management procedures. The employee’s attitude highly affects the customer’s response levels. In order to achieve an elastic demand for the Grey Goose martini, marketing is also important. Good marketing skills attract customers thus getting them interested in the quality of product provided. In fact, effective marketing is not only aimed at informing a customer of the availability of products, but also aimed at convincing them to consider the us of a particular product. Samsung succeeded in most of its campaigns. The main reason is that they offer their clients quality assurance through adverts and they ultimately transform the perceptions of customers to benefits. Below are financial analyses of the firm and various speculations of its future assets. Most of the rules set by the entity make it get profits annually in areas that they do not deserve. This is, ho wever, considered to be the only measure through which they can get value for their money and also stay relevant in a competitive market. The prices of other commodities affect the entry point and growth of the company but worst of all is the performance of the Grey Goose martini. Over the past few years, records of how it trades against other alcoholic drinks have been questioned. The credibility of the outcome is also suspicious since the profits intended for the next year are not genuinely generated from positive competition but rather increase in its price annually. Communication of financial releases is imperative for analyses of future trends. This is in a bid to avoid the reoccurrence of a similar mistake. Additional inventory Sales increase over preceding year The resultant capital will be as a function of increasing the sales during the previous year by 2%. Secondly, this will be added to the 30% increase in costs and the 12% labor costs of the initial monetary scrutiny. Fi rst, the discussion focuses on the previous year then moves to the turnover in 2012. For the last twelve months, the store ordered 88 cases of Grey Goose.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marty’s Martini Bar: Grey Goose Inventory. Sale Challenge specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The sum was $13,390.08. Hence, for the subsequent year, they made a capital of 102% of the entire amount. For 2012, this was the amount available for the beginning of the year for the manufacturer $13,657.8816. To get the amount needed for the inventory, the difference between the ordered and the sold Grey Goose will serve the purpose. For Marty’s 2012 capital turnover, we shall consider the number of bottles for both brands sold and multiply the outcome by individual prices. From January to October 2012, $20,685.18 of the same product was sold. This means that the store needs ($20,685.18-$13,657.8816) which is $ 7027.2984. N otably, this capital is only generated from the increase in previous sales. The second step involves finding the difference in costing and what impacts does it have. Costing Year 2011(price in $) 2012(price in $) buying selling buying selling 7 oz 10 10.92 16.16 21.008 10 oz 15 15.60 25.36 32.968 As aforementioned, the cost per bottle will increase by 30% with an annual progression. This means that the selling price will be 130% of $ 16.16 and 130% of $ 25.36. The prices are $21.008 and $32.968 accordingly. As from the data provided, 52.4 bottles and 8.7 cases were sold. Since the price indicated represents the cases, the total is achieved by multiplying the two entities. Hence, $21.008* 8.7 and $32.968*8.7 give the total amount of money gained due to the percentage increase incurred for a customer purchasing the Grey Goose in the year 2012. This results in $(286.8216 + 182.7696) = $469.5912. The final step involves calculating the labor costs Vis avis the income. Labor percent This represents the percentage of cash incurred in efforts to sell off the martini at the supplier level. This exercise cannot be measured in physical terms but rather is a thought process and its outcome is determined by the increase in sale of the products. This will be based on the sum of dealer agreements during the previous year with Grey Goose.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Marty’s Bar had an agreement with the product manufacturers concerning bonuses they were to win after two successive years. The contract came in the form of purchasing certain amount of the Grey Goose and getting in return free bottles. This is the final outcome of the dealer sales as per the financial report $18,477.76 +$19,407.96+ $19,794.24= $57,679.96. A twelve percent increment on this will cause the cost to hike to $ 64601.5552. To get the sum of the capital required by Marty’s Bar in order to make 2012 and 2013 successful years, the three outcomes will be added. $ (64601.5552 + 469.5912 + 7027.2984 = 72,098.4448). Initially, when calculating this total sum, we realized that the difference in capital between Marty’s fiscal statement and the producer of the Grey Goose would be the capital required by the former in achieving its mandate for the next year. As calculated below, this will represent the money required to bridge the financial gap $72,098.4448-$13 ,657.8816=$58,440.5632. In finding out the number of bottles to be ordered for the next financial year, it is relevant to divide the capital in question with the number of cases expected. Thus, $58,440.5632 /8.7 will be 6717.3061. This means that the number of bottles required to satisfy customer expectations will be 6718. Projected dollar 2012 return on grey goose investment The projected dollar return will be represented by the sum of the three entities discussed earlier. Hence, it will be $58,440.5632 + $24,742.80. This is due to the sum of the current undertaking compliment in the following year. Returns from the previous year must be added to those of the present year in order to know the projection margin. The sum is therefore, $83,183.3632. This is probably owed to the increase in commodity prices as per the company policy mentioned above. Essentially it is quite easy to increase sales without having to augment the instability already caused by inflation. New pricing The mart ini 10oz shot up to $253.6. This means that the 7oz only remained with $16.16. This comes from the calculation below: 10oz/ 253.6=$ 25.36 for each bottle of a 10oz bottle. For the total, it becomes 10*25.36 which amounts to $ 253.6. The total cost of the two martinis is $237. This leaves us with the difference of the two values in order to estimate the cost of the 7oz bottles: 237-253.6=16.16. Additionally, for the better part of 2012, the price for 10oz has been $ 25.36 whilst that for the 7oz has been $ 16.16. However, these prices are bound to change in the next year by a 30% increase in order to cover up for the discount difference. Projected 2013 sales to cost of good ratio assuming flat sales in 2013 In all probability, 2013 will be a good year for Marty’s store. This is based on the rise of the prices. Sales In 2012, the sales were $ 7027.2984. It is explained that in Marty’s business empire, any time a New Year sets in, the sales increase by a 2%. For this year , it will be 102%* $ 7027.2984= $ 7167.844368. Seemingly, the gradual increase in this amount will save the company from getting itself in a crisis. The projection is merely an assumption of what would happen if Marty was actively involved in the sale of the Grey Goose. The data might help him acquire, retain and attract clients from most areas of the North and even from distant places. Cost ratio The costing ratio is as a result of a 30% increase in the initial amount allocated to serve the same purpose. In 2012, the business realized $ 610.46856 as such, the cost will hike by the following margin of $469.5912*130%= $ 610.46856. The increment in costing will also make Marty return the amount of money occasionally spent to procure the goods. This section of the financial review also indicates where the firm gets its profits annually from. To get the projection of the year in question, it is imperative to add the two entities in order to generate a genuine figure. The total is $ 610. 46856 + $ 7027.2984 =7,637.76696. It is, therefore, regarded as the expected turnover during the next year. A good look at Marty’s management style indicates that a lot of focus is put on economic gains of the firm. The managment ignores the relevance of human resource and other functions in running the store. Alternatively, the firm fails to recognize customer needs. Recognition of the needs leads to rejection or retention depending on the success of the program due for implementation. For Marty to experience the desired output in the place of work, it must be realized that all customers are different in their own rights and that their requirements supersede company policies. Besides these, clients are swayed by environmental, cultural, and technological factors. For Marty, it is necessary to identify the Martini brands that suit various environmental settings, for instance, smooth drinks must accompany calm occasions and times while the reverse occupies rowdy environments. Cultures highly determine the brand success. For instance, it would be impossible to sell the martini in Saudi Arabia owing to the cultural predisposition that prohibits the habit. Finally, a functional strategy will best suit the desires of Marty coupled with those of the company’s customers. The firm will use democratic measures in increasing costs of the drinks because forceful ventures often result in retaliation from the majority. He should have a proper plan and execute it in a way that it cuts across all management levels. Management often requires attention of a Chief Executive officer, financial controller, Public Relations manager, Human resource manager and the Procurement officer. With a clearly designated team, Marty will not have to worry about loss in customer base especially on the Northern part of the state since the firm will have an excellent way of acquiring them. From a wider overview of the problem in question to the financial overheads, it is evident th at the company’s image and brand play a huge role in success. Investing in a competitive brand image may seem an inexhaustible task but its outcome secures the company for eternity. A good financial review and future projects are also vital in restructuring an already drawn budget. Working with a budget helps counter many drawbacks that would destroy a business entity parse. Marty should also take into consideration that competition exists in order to help the company improve the current situation. It should be taken positively and the addressed areas are to be improved in order to avoid mishaps. For the better part of this discussion, it will be irrelevant not to notice the importance of communication in making effective the management function. Setting up technological advancements to enhance feedback will also aid Marty in achieving his purpose as a manager and a potential entrepreneur. This essay on Marty’s Martini Bar: Grey Goose Inventory. Sale Challenge was written and submitted by user Emelia P. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Saturday, March 21, 2020

Beginners Guide to the Aztec Empire of Central Mexico

Beginners Guide to the Aztec Empire of Central Mexico The Aztec Empire was a group of allied but ethnically different city states who lived in central Mexico and controlled much of central America from the 12th century AD until the Spanish invasion of the 15th century. The main political alliance creating the Aztec empire was called the Triple Alliance, including the Mexica of Tenochtitlan, the Acolhua of Texcoco, and the Tepaneca of Tlacopan; together they dominated most of Mexico between 1430 and 1521 AD. The capital city of the Aztecs was at Tenochtitlan-Tlatlelco, what is today Mexico City, and the extent of their empire covered almost all of what is today Mexico. At the time of Spanish conquest, the capital was a cosmopolitan city, with different ethnic groups from all over Mexico. The state language was Nahuatl and written documentation was kept on bark cloth manuscripts (most of which were destroyed by the Spanish). A high level of stratification in Tenochtitlan included both nobles and commoners. There were frequent ritual human sacrifices, part of the military and ritual activities of the Aztec people, although it is possible and perhaps likely that these were exaggerated by the Spanish clergy. Timeline of the Aztec Culture AD 1110 - Mexica leave their homeland (Aztlan)AD 1110-1325 - Mexica travel throughout what is now Mexico, looking for a place to settleAD 1325 - Mexica settle TenochtitlanAD 1372-1391 - Rule of Acamapichtli, the first king of TenochtitlanAD 1391-1415 - Rule of Huitzilihuitzli; alliance with  Tepanecs AD 1415-1426 - Rule of ChimalpopocaAD 1428-1430 - Tepanec WarAD 1430 -  Triple Alliance  established between Mexica, Tepaneca of the city of Tlacopan, and Acolhua of the city of TexcocoAD 1436-1440 - Rule of ItzcoatlAD 1440-1468 - Rule of Motecuhzoma I (also called Montezuma)AD 1468-1481 - Rule of AxayactlAD 1481-1486 - Rule of TizocAD 1486-1502 - Rule of AhuitzotlAD 1492 -  Columbus lands in Santa Domingo AD 1496 - Columbus second voyageAD 1502-1520 - Rule of  Motecuhzoma II AD 1510 - Tenochtitlan floodsAD 1519 -  Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes lands  on the Yucatan peninsula and begins his assault on AztecsAD 1520 - Rule of CuitahuacAD 1520 - First smallpox epidemic; Cuitahuac diesAD 1520 - Rule of Cuauhtemoc AD 1521 - Tenochtitlan falls to the Spanish A Few Important Facts about the Aztec Empire Population:  In 1519, the population of the Basin of Mexico was estimated at 1 million inhabitants, between 100,000 and 200,000 in the capital city alone Extent:  Thirty-eight provinces were submitting tribute to Tenochtitlan in 1519, according to the  Codex Mendoza State Language:  Nahuatl, a Uto-Aztecan language Life Expectancy:  37 years, due to high  birth rates  and high infant mortality rates Writing:  State documents concerning administrative details such as the amount of tribute paid to the capital city by each province were preserved on colorfully painted bark cloth paper, made by soaking and pounding the inner bark of the fig or mulberry tree. Calendars:  Like the Maya and other American civilizations, the Aztecs had two cycles to their  calendar, one a 365-day solar year and one a 260 ritual year. Combined, they made a 52-year Calendar Round. The Aztecs believed bad things happened at the end of a Calendar Round. Marriage:  Men could take as many wi ves as they could afford. The first wife was principal, but all wives spun thread and wove cloth, both sources of wealth for Aztec families. Ethnographic Data:  The best information we have on the Aztecs today comes from the writings from members of the Spanish colonization force, such as  Bartolome de las Casas  and  Fray Diego Duran. Aztecs Ritual and the Arts Intoxicants:  Pulque, from fermented agave sap;  peyotl  buttons, datura, psilocybin, black nightshade,  tobacco, morning glory seeds,  chocolate  in a drink, sometimes flavored by  chili peppers  and/or  vanilla Lapidary Arts:  Jadeite,  obsidian, chalcedony,  spondylus  shell Metallurgy:  Two bronzes, one of combined copper and tin, and one of copper arsenic; cast bells,  rings,  and tweezers; some gold and silver. Much was imported from west Mesoamerican  mines,  and metalworkers;  craft work in Tenochtitlan  included hammering, filigree and lost wax methods. The Feathered Serpent:  This pan-mesoamerican fantastic creature was called Quetzalcoatl in the Aztec language. Tlachtli Ball Game:  Played with a rubber ball in a masonry court, the ball game called tlachtli was so important to the Aztecs that 16,000 balls were imported from the Maya lowlands into Tenochtitlan annually. Aztecs and Economics Markets and Trade Network:  Cortes reported that he found a  large market system  in place in the Aztec capital city, where 60,000 people came to trade goods. During the Aztec Empire (1325-1520), the distribution of goods was so widespread that many of the materials traded were mass-produced in villages. A  long-distance trade  exchange system was in place throughout the Aztec Empire, with professional traders called  pochteca  carrying goods such as bird feathers, cacao beans and, most importantly, information. Currency:  Gold jewelry, textiles, cacao beans, and beaten copper axes. Cultivated Crops:  Maize, beans, salvia, squash, tomatoes, cactus, cotton, chile, manioc, goosefoot, amaranth,  cacao (chocolate), avocado, agave Domesticated Animals:  Turkey, duck,  dog Agriculture:  The chinampa system of agriculture used by the Aztecs consisted of a raised planting platform built in a shallow swampland and irrigated through a series of dikes. Aztecs and Warfare Weaponry:  Bow and arrow,  atlatl, oak broadswords with obsidian blades, thrusting spears, round shields of fire-hardened cane, quilted cotton armor, and shield and armed canoes. Ritual  Sacrifice:  According to written records by the Spanish, prisoners of war were led to the top of the Great Pyramid in Tenochtitlan and sacrificed by having their hearts cut out. Their bodies were then thrown down the steps of the pyramid, where they were decapitated, dismembered and eaten by Aztec warriors. This may have been exaggerated by Sahagun, but there is no doubt that ritual sacrifice was part of the rituals of Aztec war. Ritual  Bloodletting  Bloodletting, or auto-sacrifice, was a personal ritual performed by Aztec elites. Empire:  The Aztec mode of imperialism was to conquer a new territory, and then put in a leader over the existing system, rather than replace the entire ruling leadership. This unique blend of force and bribery was extremely effective in maintaining a  far -flung empire. Important Archaeological Sites of the Aztec Empire Tenochtitlan  - Capital city of the Mexica, founded in 1325 on a swampy island in the middle of Lake Texcoco; now underneath the city of Mexico city Tlatelolco  - Sister city of Tenochtitlan, known for its huge market. Azcapotzalco  - Capital of the Tepanecs, captured by the Mexica and added to the Aztec hegemony at the end of the Tepanec War Cuauhnahuac  - Modern day Cuernavaca, Morelos. Established by Tlahuica ca AD 1140, captured by Mexica in 1438. Malinalco  - Rock cut temple built ca 1495-1501. Guiengola  - Zapotec city on the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in Oaxaca state, allied with the Aztecs by marriage Xaltocan, in Tlaxcala north of Mexico City, founded on a floating island Study Questions Why would the Spanish chroniclers of the Aztecs exaggerate the violence and blood of the Aztecs in their reports back to Spain?What advantages are there to placing a capital city on a marshy island in the middle of a lake?The following English words are derived from the Nahuatl language: avocado, chocolate, and  atlatl. Why do you think these words are the ones we use today?Why do you think the Mexica chose to ally with their neighbors in the Triple Alliance rather than conquering them?What role do you think disease played with the fall of the Aztec empire? Sources on the Aztec Civilization Susan Toby Evans and David L. Webster. 2001. Archaeology of Ancient Mexico and Central America: An Encylopedia. Garland Publishing, Inc. New York.Michael E. Smith. 2004. The  Aztecs. 5th edition. Gareth Stevens. Gary Jennings. Aztec; Aztec Blood and Aztec Autumn. Although these are novels, some archaeologists do use Jennings as a textbook on the Aztecs. John Pohl. 2001. Aztecs and Conquistadores. Osprey Publishing. Charles Phillips. 2005. The Aztec and Maya World. Frances Berdan et al. 1996. Aztec Imperial Strategies. Dumbarton Oaks .

Wednesday, March 4, 2020

Profile of the Aryan Warriors Prison Gang

Profile of the Aryan Warriors Prison Gang The Aryan Warriors is a criminal gang that operates inside the Nevada prison system and in certain communities in Nevada. They offer protection to white inmates if they join the gang. History The Aryan Warriors began in 1973 in the Nevada State prison system. The gang, designed after the California gang the Aryan Brotherhood, claimed to be intended to protect whites against attacks from black prisoners. After seeking a charter membership from the AB and being turned down, the AW gang was on its own. About a year into its creation the gang, who up to now was unable to organize, was taken over by an older inmate doing a life sentence named The Pope. Familiar with the way the AB gang worked, The Pope began to organize and structure the Aryan Warriors. He established rules for all gang members to follow and a hierarchy of leadership. Building up the physical strength of the AW became a priority. Focusing on its enemy, primarily black inmates, became its target. Building the gangs reputation for violence and selecting future members based on their strength and violent backgrounds became its mission. Gang Structure The Pope designed a structure of leadership for all to follow. To this day members adhere to a written manifesto which establishes positions or ranks within the gang, such as horn holders (leaders), bolt holders (full members), prospects (potential members), and associates (non-members who are affiliated with the organization.) In order to become a full member, a prospect is required to perform a violent act as dictated by the horn blowers. Once they do it they become bolt holders and are tattooed (or branded) with lightning bolts on the inside of their left biceps. To rise to the next level, horn holders, they must perform a more serious violent act, which often includes murder. Once completed they are given a tattoo with a Viking helmet with the letters AW, which is put on their left upper chest. Horn-blowers, under the direction of the top leader, are in charge of running all gang activities. Black Gangs Rise to the Threat Not willing to succumb to the Aryan Warriors, the black inmates organized the Black Warriors and duplicated much of the AW symbols, like the helmet with a horn. Power struggles began to go on in the prison yard, a place the black inmates had long controlled and a war between the two gangs became imminent. The Aryan Warriors Prepare for War The Aryan Warriors had been manufacturing weapons inside prison and with the impending war with the Black Warriors close at hand, production sped up. They also met with Native American inmates who had also been in conflict with the BWs, and the two groups made a pact to fight on the same side to bring down the BWs. The showdown occurred in the prison cafeteria and the blacks, many unarmed and taken by surprise by the AWs and Native attackers, lost the battle. The whites and the Natives now had full control of the prison yard. The Thirst for More Power Now in control, the Aryan Warriors sought more power and began going after those who they were supposed to be protecting - white inmates. Intimidation and threats were used to extort money from white inmates and their families. Those who refused would be beaten and sold as prison yard prostitutes. Instead of focusing on protection, the AW was now focused on drug distribution, extortion, and weaponry. Aryan Warriors or Aryan Witnesses? On November 5, 1980, a group of AWs murdered an inmate, Danny Lee Jackson, who they suspected to be a snitch. They then bragged about it in the prison yard. The murder and the boasting turned out to be a fatal mistake for the gang. Robert Manly was a young prison deputy with an eye on the future. His door to the future opened when given the responsibility to find out who murdered the inmate. The AW, who had spent years extorting inmates, had many enemies willing to talk to Manly. This gave the deputy enough information to corner AW gang members, many of who rolled over and became state witnesses. In return, several received early releases. No longer having any hope of charter membership into the AB and with many of its members gone, the AW had lost most of its power. Its leader, The Pope, died in 1997, which proved to devastate the gangs power even more. Aryan Warriors Today Prison officials say that today the AW, now numbering about 100 members, still asserts control over other prisoners by using violence, including murder and attempted murder, assaults and extortion. They also corrupt guards, extort money and favors from prisoners and their families, distribute illegal drugs, and run extensive illegal gambling operations. The Aryan Warriors also operate a street program in Las Vegas, Reno, and Pahrump, in which members, associates, and girlfriends distribute drugs, steal or fraudulently obtain identification and credit cards, commit other crimes, and smuggle drugs into the prisons. Members use the money earned in the street program to support other criminal activities of the gang and to financially support incarcerated Aryan Warrior leaders. On July 10, 2007, 14 Aryan Warrior gang members were indicted and charged with murder, attempted murder, extortion, operating an illegal gambling business, identity theft and fraud, and drug trafficking. Michael Kennedy, an admitted leader of the Aryan Warriors pleaded guilty to racketeering conspiracy in a related case. Seven of the 14 pleaded guilty to various charges and on July 9, 2009, five were found guilty. With the leader and other top gang members out of commission the future of the Aryan Warriors is questionable, however, some prison officials feel that this type of attention could actually strengthen the AW with other members moving into the now-vacant positions of leadership. Source: Criminal Intelligence Bureau